ASTM F 648-2000 外科植入用超高分子量聚乙烯粉末及组成形式的标准规范
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【英文标准名称】:StandardSpecificationforUltra-High-Molecular-WeightPolyethylenePowderandFabricatedFormforSurgicalImplants
【原文标准名称】:外科植入用超高分子量聚乙烯粉末及组成形式的标准规范
【标准号】:ASTMF648-2000
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2000
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:医疗技术学;外科植入物;质量要求;人造树脂
【英文主题词】:qualityrequirements;artificialresins;surgicalimplants;medicaltechnology
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C35
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_40;83_080_20
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:外科植入用超高分子量聚乙烯粉末及组成形式的标准规范
【标准号】:ASTMF648-2000
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2000
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:医疗技术学;外科植入物;质量要求;人造树脂
【英文主题词】:qualityrequirements;artificialresins;surgicalimplants;medicaltechnology
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C35
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_40;83_080_20
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语
下载地址: 点击此处下载
【英文标准名称】:Aircraftgroundsupportequipment-Generalrequirements-Part4:Noisemeasurementmethodsandreduction;GermanversionEN1915-4:2004
【原文标准名称】:飞行器地面支持设备.一般要求.第4部分:噪声测量方法和减噪
【标准号】:DINEN1915-4-2005
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2005-02
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:测量地点;测量不确定度;噪声辐射;危害;声级;测量;测量技术;定义;装料和卸料装置;安全;航空运输;航空设备;工作场所安全;航天运输;试验;规范(验收);设计;机械零部件;声压级;职业安全;安全要求;空运货物;噪声降低;机器;工作地点;飞行器地面支持设备;噪声测量;提升装置;装卸设备;航空航天运输;地面站;地面设备;噪声胁强;航空工程;测量仪器;噪声(环境的);飞行器;测量方法;声功率
【英文主题词】:Aeronauticalengineering;Aeronauticalequipment;Aerospacetransport;Aircargos;Airtransport;Aircraft;Aircraftgroundsupportequipments;Aircrafts;Definitions;Design;Earthstations;Groundequipment;Handlingequipment;Hazards;Liftingdevices;Loadingandunloadingdevices;Machines;Measurement;Measuringincertainity;Measuringinstruments;Measuringsites;Measuringtechniques;Mechanicalcomponents;Methodsformeasuring;Noiseemissions;Noise(environmental);Noisemeasurement;Noisemeasurements;Noisereduction;Noisestresses;Occupationalsafety;Safety;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Soundlevel;Soundpower;Soundpressurelevel;Spacetransport;Specification(approval);Testing;Workingplaces;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:ThisPartofEN1915dealswithnoisereductionasasafetyrequirementanddescribesthemethodsfordeterminingthesoundspressurelevelatworkstationsandotherspecifiedpositionsandthesoundpowerlevelofGSEduringintendeduse.Thetestresultsarenotapplicabletothedeterminationofdailyexposuretonoisefortheoperator.
【中国标准分类号】:V42
【国际标准分类号】:17_140_30;49_100
【页数】:22P;A4
【正文语种】:德语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEvaluatingCompatibilityofBinaryMixturesofLubricatingGreases
【原文标准名称】:润滑脂的二元混合物的相容性评估的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD6185-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.G0.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:binarymixtures;compatibility;incompatibility;lubricatinggrease;mixtures;Binarymixtures;Compatibility--petroleumproducts;Compositionanalysis--petroleumproducts;Incompatibility;Lubricatinggrease
【摘要】:Thecompatibilityofgreasescanbeimportantforusersofgrease-lubricatedequipment.Itiswellknownthatthemixingoftwogreasescanproduceasubstancemarkedlyinferiortoeitherofitsconstituentmaterials.Oneormoreofthefollowingcanoccur.Amixtureofincompatiblegreasesmostoftensoftens,sometimesexcessively.Occasionally,itcanharden.Inextremecases,thethickenerandliquidlubricantwillcompletelyseparate.Bleedingcanbesoseverethatthemixedgreasewillrunoutofanoperatingbearing.Excessivesyneresiscanoccur,formingpoolsofliquidlubricantseparatedfromthegrease.Droppingpointscanbereducedtotheextentthatgreaseorseparatedoilrunsoutofbearingsatelevatedoperatingtemperatures.Sucheventscanleadtocatastrophiclubricationfailures.Becauseofsuchoccurrences,equipmentmanufacturersrecommendcompletelycleaningthegreasefromequipmentbeforeinstallingadifferentgrease.Servicerecommendationsforgrease-lubricatedequipmentfrequentlyspecifythecaveatx2013;donotmixgreasesunderanycircumstances.Despitethisadmonition,greasemixingwilloccurand,attimes,cannotbeavoided.Insuchinstances,itwouldbeusefultoknowwhetherthemixingoftwogreasescouldleadtoinadequatelubricationwithdisastrousconsequences.Equipmentusersmostoftendonothavetheresourcestoevaluategreasecompatibilityandmustrelyontheirsuppliers.Mixingofgreasesisahighlyimprudentpractice.Greaseandequipmentmanufacturersalikerecognizesuchpracticeswilloccurdespiteallwarningstothecontrary.Thus,bothusersandsuppliershaveaneedtoknowthecompatibilitycharacteristicsofthegreasesinquestion.Therearetwoapproachestoevaluatingthecompatibilityofgreasemixtures.Oneistodeterminewhethersuchmixturesmeetthesamespecificationrequirementsastheconstituentcomponents.Thisapproachisnotaddressedbythispractice.Instead,thispracticetakesaspecification-independentapproach;itdescribestheevaluationofcompatibilityonarelativebasisusingspecifictestmethods.Threetestmethodsareusedbecausefewerarenotsufficientlydefinitive.Forexample,inonestudy,using100000-strokeworkedpenetrationforevaluation,62%ofthemixtureswerejudgedtobecompatible.Inahigh-temperaturestoragestabilitystudy,coveringabroaderspectrumofgreasetypes,onlyone-thirdofthemixtureswerecompatible.Thesestudiesuseddifferentcriteriatojudgecompatibility.Compatibilitycannotbepredictedwithcertaintyfromforeknowledgeofgreasecomposition.Generally,greaseshavingthesameorsimilarthickenertypeswillbecompatible.Uncommonly,evengreasesofthesametype,althoughnormallycompatiblewhenmixed,canbeincompatiblebecauseofincompatibleadditivetreatments.Thus,compatibilityneedstobejudgedonacase-by-casebasis.Twoconstituentgreasesareblendedinspecificratios.A50:50mixturesimulatesaratiothatmightbeexperiencedwhenonegrease(GreaseA)isinstalledinabearingcontainingapreviouslyinstalled,differentgrease(GreaseB),andnoattemptismadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.The10:90and90:10ratiosareintendedtosimulateratiosthatmightoccurwhenattemptsaremadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.Note18212;Somecompaniesevaluate25:75and75:25ratiomixturesinsteadof10:90and90:10ratiomixtures.But,thelattertworatios,whichareprescribedbythispractice,areconsideredmorerepresentativeoftheflushingpracticedescribedin5.3.Incompatibilityismostoftenrevealedbytheevaluationof50:50mixtures.However,insomeinstances50:50mixturesarecompatibleandmorediluteratiosareincompatib........
【中国标准分类号】:E36
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:飞行器地面支持设备.一般要求.第4部分:噪声测量方法和减噪
【标准号】:DINEN1915-4-2005
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2005-02
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:测量地点;测量不确定度;噪声辐射;危害;声级;测量;测量技术;定义;装料和卸料装置;安全;航空运输;航空设备;工作场所安全;航天运输;试验;规范(验收);设计;机械零部件;声压级;职业安全;安全要求;空运货物;噪声降低;机器;工作地点;飞行器地面支持设备;噪声测量;提升装置;装卸设备;航空航天运输;地面站;地面设备;噪声胁强;航空工程;测量仪器;噪声(环境的);飞行器;测量方法;声功率
【英文主题词】:Aeronauticalengineering;Aeronauticalequipment;Aerospacetransport;Aircargos;Airtransport;Aircraft;Aircraftgroundsupportequipments;Aircrafts;Definitions;Design;Earthstations;Groundequipment;Handlingequipment;Hazards;Liftingdevices;Loadingandunloadingdevices;Machines;Measurement;Measuringincertainity;Measuringinstruments;Measuringsites;Measuringtechniques;Mechanicalcomponents;Methodsformeasuring;Noiseemissions;Noise(environmental);Noisemeasurement;Noisemeasurements;Noisereduction;Noisestresses;Occupationalsafety;Safety;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Soundlevel;Soundpower;Soundpressurelevel;Spacetransport;Specification(approval);Testing;Workingplaces;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:ThisPartofEN1915dealswithnoisereductionasasafetyrequirementanddescribesthemethodsfordeterminingthesoundspressurelevelatworkstationsandotherspecifiedpositionsandthesoundpowerlevelofGSEduringintendeduse.Thetestresultsarenotapplicabletothedeterminationofdailyexposuretonoisefortheoperator.
【中国标准分类号】:V42
【国际标准分类号】:17_140_30;49_100
【页数】:22P;A4
【正文语种】:德语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEvaluatingCompatibilityofBinaryMixturesofLubricatingGreases
【原文标准名称】:润滑脂的二元混合物的相容性评估的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD6185-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.G0.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:binarymixtures;compatibility;incompatibility;lubricatinggrease;mixtures;Binarymixtures;Compatibility--petroleumproducts;Compositionanalysis--petroleumproducts;Incompatibility;Lubricatinggrease
【摘要】:Thecompatibilityofgreasescanbeimportantforusersofgrease-lubricatedequipment.Itiswellknownthatthemixingoftwogreasescanproduceasubstancemarkedlyinferiortoeitherofitsconstituentmaterials.Oneormoreofthefollowingcanoccur.Amixtureofincompatiblegreasesmostoftensoftens,sometimesexcessively.Occasionally,itcanharden.Inextremecases,thethickenerandliquidlubricantwillcompletelyseparate.Bleedingcanbesoseverethatthemixedgreasewillrunoutofanoperatingbearing.Excessivesyneresiscanoccur,formingpoolsofliquidlubricantseparatedfromthegrease.Droppingpointscanbereducedtotheextentthatgreaseorseparatedoilrunsoutofbearingsatelevatedoperatingtemperatures.Sucheventscanleadtocatastrophiclubricationfailures.Becauseofsuchoccurrences,equipmentmanufacturersrecommendcompletelycleaningthegreasefromequipmentbeforeinstallingadifferentgrease.Servicerecommendationsforgrease-lubricatedequipmentfrequentlyspecifythecaveatx2013;donotmixgreasesunderanycircumstances.Despitethisadmonition,greasemixingwilloccurand,attimes,cannotbeavoided.Insuchinstances,itwouldbeusefultoknowwhetherthemixingoftwogreasescouldleadtoinadequatelubricationwithdisastrousconsequences.Equipmentusersmostoftendonothavetheresourcestoevaluategreasecompatibilityandmustrelyontheirsuppliers.Mixingofgreasesisahighlyimprudentpractice.Greaseandequipmentmanufacturersalikerecognizesuchpracticeswilloccurdespiteallwarningstothecontrary.Thus,bothusersandsuppliershaveaneedtoknowthecompatibilitycharacteristicsofthegreasesinquestion.Therearetwoapproachestoevaluatingthecompatibilityofgreasemixtures.Oneistodeterminewhethersuchmixturesmeetthesamespecificationrequirementsastheconstituentcomponents.Thisapproachisnotaddressedbythispractice.Instead,thispracticetakesaspecification-independentapproach;itdescribestheevaluationofcompatibilityonarelativebasisusingspecifictestmethods.Threetestmethodsareusedbecausefewerarenotsufficientlydefinitive.Forexample,inonestudy,using100000-strokeworkedpenetrationforevaluation,62%ofthemixtureswerejudgedtobecompatible.Inahigh-temperaturestoragestabilitystudy,coveringabroaderspectrumofgreasetypes,onlyone-thirdofthemixtureswerecompatible.Thesestudiesuseddifferentcriteriatojudgecompatibility.Compatibilitycannotbepredictedwithcertaintyfromforeknowledgeofgreasecomposition.Generally,greaseshavingthesameorsimilarthickenertypeswillbecompatible.Uncommonly,evengreasesofthesametype,althoughnormallycompatiblewhenmixed,canbeincompatiblebecauseofincompatibleadditivetreatments.Thus,compatibilityneedstobejudgedonacase-by-casebasis.Twoconstituentgreasesareblendedinspecificratios.A50:50mixturesimulatesaratiothatmightbeexperiencedwhenonegrease(GreaseA)isinstalledinabearingcontainingapreviouslyinstalled,differentgrease(GreaseB),andnoattemptismadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.The10:90and90:10ratiosareintendedtosimulateratiosthatmightoccurwhenattemptsaremadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.Note18212;Somecompaniesevaluate25:75and75:25ratiomixturesinsteadof10:90and90:10ratiomixtures.But,thelattertworatios,whichareprescribedbythispractice,areconsideredmorerepresentativeoftheflushingpracticedescribedin5.3.Incompatibilityismostoftenrevealedbytheevaluationof50:50mixtures.However,insomeinstances50:50mixturesarecompatibleandmorediluteratiosareincompatib........
【中国标准分类号】:E36
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语