BS EN 12060-1998 锌和锌合金.取样方法.规范
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【英文标准名称】:Zincandzincalloys-Methodofsampling-Specifications
【原文标准名称】:锌和锌合金.取样方法.规范
【标准号】:BSEN12060-1998
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1998-02-15
【实施或试行日期】:1998-02-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:化学分析和试验;定义;定义(术语);专家;材料测试;分析方法;有色金属;抽样方法;规范;规范(验收);试样制备;试验设备;锌;锌合金
【英文主题词】:Chemicalanalysisandtesting;Definition;Definitions;Experts;Materialstesting;Methodsofanalysis;Non-ferrousmetals;Samplingmethods;Specification;Specification(approval);Specimenpreparation;Testequipment;Zinc;Zincalloys
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestherequirementsforsamplingofzincandzincalloys,asspecifiedinEN1179andEN1774,foranalysis.
【中国标准分类号】:H13
【国际标准分类号】:77_120_60
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforBiodegradationByaShake-FlaskDie-AwayMethod
【原文标准名称】:用摇瓶衰减弱法作生物降解的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME1279-1989(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1989
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.04
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Abioticdegradation;Biologicaldataanalysis--sediments;Carboncontent;Chemicals(environmentalanalysis);Degradation--environmentalmaterials/applications;Die-awaybiodegradation;Equilibriumadsorptioncoefficient(Koc);Estuarineenviro
【摘要】:Mostofthesimplermethodsusedtoscreenchemicalsforbiodegradationpotentialemploymeasurementsthatarenotspecifictothetestsubstance,suchaslossofdissolvedorganiccarbon,evolutionofrespiratorycarbondioxide,oruptakeofdissolvedoxygen.Suchmethodsgenerallyareusedtoevaluatethetransformationofthetestsubstancetocarbondioxide,water,oxidesormineralsaltsofotherelements,orproductsassociatedwiththenormalmetabolicprocessesofmicroorganisms(ultimatebiodegradability),orboth.Thesemethodsrequiretheuseofrelativelyhighinitialconcentrationsofthetestsubstance,generally10mg/Lorhigher,unlessthetestsareconductedusing14C-radiolabeledtestcompounds.Biodegradationtestsmeasuring14C-CO2evolution,forexample,canbeconductedusinginitialconcentrationoftestcompoundatpartsperbillion.Thesetests,however,requirespecializedequipmentandthecustompreparationofappropriatelylabeledcompoundisoftenveryexpensive.Die-awaybiodegradationmethodsaresimplesimulationmethodsthatemploywatercollectedfromnaturalwatersourcesandfollowthedisappearanceofanaddedamountofthetestsubstanceresultingfromtheactivityofmicroorganismsinthewatersample.Thechemical-specificanalyticaltechniquesusedtofollowthedisappearanceofthetestsubstance,typicallyareemployedusingrelativelylowinitialconcentrationsofthetestsubstance.Mostenvironmentalpollutantsarepresentintheenvironmentatrelativelylowconcentrations(lessthan1mg/L)andithasbeenobservedthatbiodegradationratesobtainedusinghightestcompoundconcentrationsmaybequitedifferentfromthoseobservedatlowerconcentrations(6).Thetransformationofthetestsubstancetoanextentsufficienttoremovesomecharacteristicpropertyofthemolecule,resultinginthelossofdetectionbythechemicalspecificanalyticaltechnique,isreferredtoasprimarybiodegradation.Formanypurposes,evidenceofprimarybiodegradationissufficient,especiallywhenitisknownorcanbeshownthattoxicity,orsomeotherundesirablefeature,associatedwiththetestcompoundisremovedorsignificantlyreducedasaresultoftheprimarybiodegradation.Adeterminationofultimatebiodegradation,ontheotherhand,isusuallyrequiredonlywhentreatabilityororganicloadingareissuesofconcern.Furthermore,manyofthesimplermethods,suchasthosemeasuringCO2evolution(see4.1),maynotdetectprimarybiodegradation.Theuseoflowsubstrateconcentrationenhancestheprobabilityofobservingfirst-order,orpseudofirst-order,kinetics.Thus,arateconstantfortheprimarybiodegradationreactionandahalf-lifecanbederivedfromthetestcompoundunderdefinedincubationconditions.Rateconstantsarerequiredinmanyenvironmentalfatemathematicalmodels.1.1Thistestmethoddescribesproceduresforassessingthebiodegradationofchemicalsinnaturalsurfacewatersamples.1.2Thistestmethodprovidesanopportunitytoevaluateratesofbiodegradationinthepresenceandabsenceofnaturalsedimentmaterials.Italsomayprovidelimitedinformationontheabioticdegradationrate,andsorptiontosedimentandvesselwalls.1.3Thistestmethodallowsforthedevelopmentofafirst-orderrateconstant,basedonthedisappearanceofthetestcompoundwithtime,andasecond-orderrateconstant,normalizedforchangesinmicrobialbiomass.1.4Thistestmethodrequiresachemicalspecificanalyticalmethodandtheconcentrationsoftestsubstanceemployedaredependentonthesensitivityoftheanalyticalmethod.1.5Thistestmethodisdesignedtobeapplicabletocompoundsthatarenotinhibitorytobacteriaattheconcentrationsusedinthetestm......
【中国标准分类号】:Z19
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_40
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
基本信息
标准名称: | 反射型照相灯泡 |
英文名称: | Reflector photographic lamps |
中标分类: |
电工 >>
电气照明 >>
电光源产品 |
ICS分类: |
电气工程 >>
电灯及有关装置 >>
白炽灯
|
替代情况: | 替代QB/T 2060-1994 |
发布部门: | 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会 |
发布日期: | 2008-02-01 |
实施日期: | 2008-07-01 |
首发日期: | |
作废日期: | |
主管部门: | 国家发展和改革委员会 |
提出单位: | 中国轻工业联合会 |
归口单位: | 全国照明电器标准化技术委员会 |
起草单位: | 北京电光源研究所 |
起草人: | 江姗、杨小平、赵秀荣 |
出版社: | 中国轻工业出版社 |
出版日期: | 2008-07-01 |
页数: | 6页 |
批文号: | 23402-2008 |
书号: | 155019·3198 |
适用范围
本标准规定了反射型照相灯泡的术语必和定义、型号、主要尺寸、基本参数、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则及标志、包装、运输、贮存。
本标准适用于供电电压为220V或110V,功率大于500W,应用于摄影照明反射型照相灯泡。
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所属分类: 电工 电气照明 电光源产品 电气工程 电灯及有关装置 白炽灯